Terminology

Close-up: A close-up is where you can only see past the actors head, the shot is also eye level and you create a close up by using the zoom.
Mid-shot: A mid-shot is a shot from the waist up.
Long-shot: A long-shot is the whole body of a character.
Birdseye view: A bird-eye view is where you see a shot from high up looking down.
Worm View: A worm view is where you have a shot looking up from the floor.
Shallow Focus: Is the limited area of focus depth.
Deep focus: Wide focus of depth in shot.
Juxtaposes- Contrast
Composition- When things are plaud in the shot.
Chekous Gun- a technique where a previous object has a great significance

The study of signs:

signifier - what it is

signified - what it suggests

3 types of signs:

• Iconic - looks like what it represents but suggests something more.

Example: Props and clothes. - A crown would show power, status and royality.

• Idexical - Indicates/makes reference to something else.

Example: Body language. - Black eye refers to the fact that you would think you have been in a fight.

• Symbolic - It has an arbitary meaning, the meaning is only something we've learnt.

Example: Colour. - The colour red would be symbolic for love.

Mise-en-scene:

Setting - what does it signify

Body language

Facial expressions

Hair and makeup

Costume

Colour and lighting - high key/low key

Editing
1 - Transitions - how you switch from any shot to another.

• cut - used the most 
• wipe
• fade (goes into black or white to end a scene)
• dissolve (blends shots - calm)
• jump cut (dramatic cut)

2 - Pace

• Quick pace of cuts (lots of dramatic action) 
• Slow pace of cuts (allows the audience to absorb into drama)

3 - Screen time - indicate who is privileged in the clip

 

4 - Matching - how do you match one shot to the other?

• Graphic matching - matching shapes (clock switches to bottom of a clip in a shot)
• Eyeline match - 2 shots, starts with first shot of a face, 2nd shot is exactly what they are looking at
• Match on action - find the action moment and cut it there (e.g.: jump and cut mid air)
• Shot reverse shot - cut back and forth on the person speaking (dialogue) 

6 Techniques

1. slow motion 
2. flashbacks (black and white)
3. colour editing 
4. montage - condense something into a shorter time (showing how you start and how you develop to the end result)
5. continuity editing - real time (flowing)
6. Parallel editing - two events happening at two different locations at the same time.